Darren Pattinson took five wickets as the Notts seam attack ripped through Somerset at Taunton.
Charlie Shreck had Justin Langer lbw before Mark Ealham dived low to catch Marcus Trescothick off Pattinson to put Somerset in trouble at 2-2.
Andre Adams kept the hosts under relentless pressure, taking 4-39, as Somerset tumbled to 109 all out from just 39 overs.
Notts closed 79 runs ahead on 185-6 but struggled at times in bowler-friendly conditions.
Cloud cover and a green wicket made life difficult for batsmen on both sides but telling contributions from Mark Wagh (46) and Samit Patel (56) gave Notts the upper hand.
Chris Read remains unbeaten on 33 alongside Mark Ealham and ECB Pitch Inspector John Jameson confirmed that no action would be taken after considering the heavy rainfall on Tuesday.
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